What are otoliths in fish?

Otoliths are specialized structures found in the inner ear of fish, which play a crucial role in their balance and equilibrium. These small, dense calcium carbonate formations, often referred to as "ear stones," help fish detect changes in position and motion in the water. They are essential for stabilizing the fish’s orientation and assist in their ability to swim effectively.

When fish move, the fluid in the inner ear and the otoliths move as well, allowing them to sense any shifts in their body position. This sensory input is critical for maintaining balance and coordinating movements, making otoliths a key component in the fish's ability to navigate their aquatic environment.

Understanding the function of otoliths highlights the complex adaptations fish have developed for survival, especially in varying aquatic habitats.