What is the primary anesthetic used for aquatic animals?

The primary anesthetic used for aquatic animals is MS-222 (tricaine methanesulfonate). This anesthetic is specifically formulated for aquatic species, making it a preferred choice due to its effectiveness in inducing anesthesia without causing harm to the fish or other aquatic organisms. MS-222 acts by blocking sodium channels, leading to a reversible state of anesthesia that is gentle on aquatic physiology.

One of the key advantages of MS-222 is its rapid onset and ability to provide a relatively smooth recovery, which is crucial in minimizing stress on the animals during procedures. Since many chemicals can be toxic to aquatic species, MS-222 stands out as a safe option approved for use in various fish and amphibian species. It is also soluble in water, facilitating easy administration in an aquatic environment.

This anesthetic is often used in combination with buffered solutions to maintain appropriate pH levels, which is important for maintaining the health of the fish during anesthesia. In contrast to other options listed, such as chloroform, ether, and propofol, MS-222 is specifically designed for aquatic animals, making it the most suitable for veterinary practices focused on these species.