What role do zooplankton play in aquatic food webs?

Zooplankton play a crucial role in aquatic food webs primarily by serving as a food source for a variety of organisms. They are an essential component of the diet for many aquatic animals, including fish, whales, and some birds. By converting primary producers like phytoplankton (which perform photosynthesis) into biomass that higher trophic levels can utilize, zooplankton help facilitate energy transfer through the food web.

In addition to this role, zooplankton also exhibit significant diversity in size and feeding habits, which allows them to occupy various niches and contribute to the overall dynamics of aquatic ecosystems. This makes them not just a food source but also an important factor in regulating phytoplankton populations and nutrient cycling within these environments.